Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is a condition that alters sexual desire and may result in low absent sexual interest. It may become bothersome for the affected person.
It can affect both men and women, being more prevalent in females. HSDD can lead to significant emotional and relationship issues, which makes it essential to understand its causes and treatments.
In this blog, we will talk about all the details you should know about HSDD and help you identify the condition and seek appropriate treatment.
What does Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) mean?
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is defined as a persistent or recurrent lack of interest in sexual activity, fantasies, or even desire.
It is different from low libido, as those who have HSDD experience consistent disinterest in sex that also causes emotional distress.Â
This disorder has also been recognized by the American Psychiatric Association, which mentions that it can significantly impact one’s mental and emotional well-being.
How Common is HSDD?
Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder HSDD is less common than females and has little information on prevalence. A study in 2019 indicated the prevalence of about 5% of men and 22% of women suffering from low sex drive.
Many factors, including age, hormonal changes, stress, and mental health, can influence the prevalence and severity of the disorder.
Symptoms of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
The main sign of hypoactive sexual desire disorder is a low or absent desire for sexual intimacy. This lack of desire is not like the fluctuations in the feelings that most people feel at different stages of their lives.
Other symptoms include:
– Little to no interest in initiating or engaging in sexual activity
– Few or absent sexual thoughts or fantasies
– Reduced or absent response to sexual cues or stimuli
– Distress over the lack of sexual desire, which can affect relationships and overall quality of life
It is essential to differentiate HSDD from temporary periods of low libido. Low libido in men commonly happens due to life changes caused by stress, fatigue, or other situational factors.
HSDD is usually diagnosed if one has all these symptoms for over six months and is causing significant emotional distress.
Causes of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
The causes of male hypoactive sexual desire disorder are often complex and multifaceted and could be due to a range of psychological, biological, and social factors. Let’s talk about these potential causes:
Biological Factors
– Hormonal Imbalances: Hormones such as testosterone, estrogen, and oxytocin play significant roles in sexual desire. Low levels of testosterone can reduce sexual interest.
– Medical Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, chronic illnesses, and heart disease can impact libido.
– Medications: Certain medications can also have side effects that lead to a decrease in sexual desire. Some antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, and blood pressure medications can impact libido negatively.
– Brain Chemistry: Neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin play crucial roles in mood and desire. Low dopamine levels due to depression can also lead to low sex drive.
Psychological Factors
– Mental Health Issues: Depression, anxiety, and stress are well-known factors that reduce libido. Someone who is experiencing chronic stress or mental health challenges may find it difficult to engage in sexual activity.
– Self-Image and Body Confidence: A lack of confidence or a poor self-image can significantly reduce sexual desire. Men mostly doubt their penis size and become underconfident harbouring feelings that they are not good enough. They may feel insecure or even anxious about being intimate.
– Trauma or Past Negative Experiences: For some, previous traumatic experiences such as abuse or a history of negative sexual encounters can contribute to a reduced interest in sex.Â
Emotional or psychological trauma can create negative associations with intimacy.
Relationship and Social Factors
– Relationship Issues: Emotional intimacy and connection often determine sexual desire. Strained relationships, lack of trust, or unresolved conflicts can contribute to hypoactive sexual desire disorder in men.
– Cultural and Societal Expectations: Societal pressure and cultural norms regarding sex can leave an impact on views about sexuality. It may bring in confusion, lack of confidence, or discomfort about being sexually intimate.
– Aging: Though aging itself does not cause HSDD, factors that accompany aging such as health issues, hormonal changes, and lifestyle changes may lead to a decreased libido over time.
Also, watch this video: Low Sex Drive in Men and Women
Diagnosis of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
Diagnosing HSDD involves a thorough assessment from a qualified healthcare provider. Diagnosis usually includes:
– Medical History and Physical Examination: Assessing medical history and performing a physical examination can help by ruling out other medical conditions contributing to low libido.
– Psychological Assessment: A mental health evaluation can help identify any psychological factors or mental health conditions that can affect sexual desire.
– Use of Diagnostic Tools: Some clinicians may use questionnaires or scales, such as the Decreased Sexual Desire Screener (DSDS), to measure the level of sexual interest and the presence of distress due to low libido.
Treatment Options for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
The treatment of HSDD is often dependent on both physical and psychological aspects. Here is the list of some effective treatment options:
Hormonal Therapies
– Testosterone Therapy: For men experiencing HSDD, testosterone therapy may be recommended to increase libido.
Psychotherapy and Counseling
– Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is one of the most widely recommended treatments for this disorder. This type of therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns that may contribute to low libido.
– Sex Therapy: A sex therapist can help men and couples address intimacy issues, communication hardships, and other factors in a relationship that may impact sexual desire. Even studies prove that when partners are more supportive, men with HSDD show better outcomes.
– Mindfulness-Based Therapy: Mindfulness techniques can help men become more aware of their bodies, which may elevate their comfort with sexual experiences.
Lifestyle Changes
– Exercise and Diet: Regular physical activity and a balanced diet can help improve overall health, which can also positively impact libido. Exercise can release endorphins and reduce stress, which may contribute to a healthier sex drive.
– Stress Reduction: Since stress is a notable contributor to HSDD, stress management techniques such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises can be of great help.
– Sleep: Quality sleep is essential for physical and mental health. Poor sleep is associated with reduced libido, so focusing on good sleep hygiene can be an effective part of managing HSDD.
Alternative Treatments
– Herbal Supplements: Some men find herbal supplements such as ginseng, maca root, and Tribulus terrestris extremely beneficial for increasing libido. However, the effectiveness of these supplements varies and they should be used under an expert’s guidance.
– Acupuncture: For some, acupuncture has been beneficial in reducing stress and improving energy levels, which may contribute to a better sex drive.
Bottom Line
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is a complex condition influenced by various physical, emotional, and social factors.
If HSDD in men is not treated, it may lead to personal distress and relationship difficulties. The good thing is that we have a variety of treatments available, like hormonal therapies, medications, psychotherapy and lifestyle changes.
It is important to consult a sexologist for a proper diagnosis and tailored treatment plan. Addressing the condition may involve a combination of approaches, and with the right treatment, you can regain a satisfying and healthy level of sexual desire.Â